Turkey Efes Ephesus Theater
Ephesus (/ˈɛfəsəs/;[1] Greek: Ἔφεσος Ephesos; Turkish: Efes; ultimately from Hittite Apasa) was an ancient Greek city[2][3] on the coast of Ionia, three kilometers southwest of present-day Selçuk in İzmir Province, Turkey. It was built in the 10th century BC on the site of the former Arzawan capital[4][5] by Attic and Ionian Greek colonists. During the Classical Greek era it was one of the twelve cities of the Ionian League. The city flourished after it came under the control of the Roman Republic in 129 BC. According to estimates Ephesus had a population of 33,600 to 56,000 people in the Roman period, making it the third largest city of Roman Asia Minor after Sardis and Alexandria Troas.[6]
The city was famed for the Temple of Artemis (completed around 550 BC), one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. In 268 AD, the Temple was destroyed or damaged in a raid by the Goths.[7] It may have been rebuilt or repaired but this is uncertain, as its later history is not clear.[8] Emperor Constantine I rebuilt much of the city and erected new public baths. Following the Edict of Thessalonica from emperor Theodosius I, what remained of the temple was destroyed in 401 AD by a mob led by St. John Chrysostom.[9] The town was partially destroyed by an earthquake in 614 AD. The city's importance as a commercial center declined as the harbor was slowly silted up by the Cayster River (Küçük Menderes).
Ephesus was one of the seven churches of Asia that are cited in the Book of Revelation.[10] The Gospel of John may have been written here.[11] The city was the site of several 5th-century Christian Councils, (see Council of Ephesus). It is also the site of a large gladiators' graveyard. The ruins of Ephesus are a favorite international and local tourist attraction, partly owing to their easy access from Adnan Menderes Airport.
以弗所又譯愛菲索斯或艾菲索斯（希臘語：Ἔφεσος；英語：Ephesus；土耳其語：Efes）是古希臘人在小亞細亞建立的一個大城市，聖母瑪利亞終老其身於此，位於加斯他河注入愛琴海的河口（今天屬於土耳其）。最初由雅典殖民者建立。以弗所廢墟是土耳其一個著名的旅遊點，特別為到土耳其旅遊的人開闢從庫薩達斯港的遊船航線。
Turkey Safranbolu Unesco Town
Safranbolu is a town and district of Karabük Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is about 200 kilometres (120 mi) north of Ankara and about a 100 km south of the Black Sea coast, or more precisely about 9 km north of the city of Karabük. Former Turkish names of the town were Zalifre and Taraklıborlu and in Greek Theodoroupolis, Θεοδωρούπολις (i.e. city of Theodorus or female Theodora) and latter Saframpolis, Σαφράμπολις. It was part of Karabük Province until 1923 and Zonguldak Province between 1923 and 1995.
According to the 2000 census, the population of the district is 47,257, of which 31,697 live in the town of Safranbolu.[3][4] The district covers an area of 1,000 km2 (386 sq mi),[5] and the town lies at an elevation of 485 m (1,591 ft).
The Old Town preserves many old buildings, with 1008 registered historical artifacts. These are: 1 private museum, 25 mosques, 5 tombs, 8 historical fountains, 5 Turkish baths, 3 caravanserais, 1 historical clock tower, 1 sundial and hundreds of houses and mansions. Also there are mounds of ancient settlements, rock tombs and historical bridges. The Old Town is situated in a deep ravine in a fairly dry area in the rain shadow of the mountains. The New Town can be found on the plateau about two kilometers west of the Old Town.
The name of the town derives from 'saffron' and the Greek word 'polis' (city), since Safranbolu was a trading place and a center for growing saffron. Today saffron is still grown at the village of Davutobası which is 22 km east of Safranbolu and probably one of the best quality saffrons in the world.
Safranbolu was added to the list of UNESCO World Heritage sites in 1994 due to its well-preserved Ottoman era houses and architecture.
番紅花城（Safranbolu）是位於土耳其安納托利亞中部的城鎮，離首都安卡拉約兩百公里。老城區的鄂圖曼時期的房屋和建築都被完整的保留下來，包括私人博物館、清真寺、墓園、歷史噴泉、土耳其浴、鐘塔、日晷以及數以百計的房屋，整修後在1994年被列入聯合國教科文組織的世界遺產名錄。番紅花城佔地面積約1000平方公里，海拔485公尺。 城鎮名稱源自於番紅花以及希臘文polis(城邦)。番紅花城在17世紀時期是番紅花的貿易以及種植中心，至今番紅花仍在番紅花城以東22公里的村落種植。
Antalya Archaeological Museum Sculpture
The Antalya Museum or Antalya Archeological Museum (Turkish: Antalya Müzesi) is one of Turkey's largest museums, located in Konyaaltı, Antalya. It includes 13 exhibition halls and an open air gallery. It covers an area of 7,000 m2 (75,000 sq ft) and has 5000 works of art are exhibited. In addition a further 25,000–30,000 artifacts which cannot be displayed are in storage.[2] As a museum exhibiting examples of works, which illuminate the history of the Mediterranean and Pamphylia regions in Anatolia, Antalya Museum is one of the most important of Turkey's museums. The Museum won the “European Council Special Prize” in 1988.
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